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Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward

Minja, N.W.; Nakagaayi, D.; Aliku, T. et al. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2022) CC

In 2015, the United Nations set important targets to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by 33% by 2030. Africa disproportionately bears the brunt of CVD burden and has one of the highest risks of dying from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. There is currently an epide...miological transition on the continent, where NCDs is projected to outpace communicable diseases within the current decade. Unchecked increases in CVD risk factors have contributed to the growing burden of three major CVDs—hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and atherosclerotic diseasesleading to devastating rates of stroke and heart failure. The highest age standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hypertensive heart disease (HHD) were recorded in Africa. The contributory causes of heart failure are changing—whilst HHD and cardiomyopathies still dominate, ischemic heart disease is rapidly becoming a significant contributor, whilst rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has shown a gradual decline. In a continent where health systems are traditionally geared toward addressing communicable diseases, several gaps exist to adequately meet the growing demand imposed by CVDs. Among these, high-quality research to inform interventions, underfunded health systems with high out-of-pocket costs, limited accessibility and affordability of essential medicines, CVD preventive services, and skill shortages. Overall, the African continent progress toward a third reduction in premature mortality come 2030 is lagging behind. More can be done in the arena of effective policy implementation for risk factor reduction and CVD prevention, increasing health financing and focusing on strengthening primary health care services for prevention and treatment of CVDs, whilst ensuring availability and affordability of quality medicines. Further, investing in systematic country data collection and research outputs will improve the accuracy of the burden of disease data and inform policy adoption on interventions. This review summarizes the current CVD burden, important gaps in cardiovascular medicine in Africa, and further highlights priority areas where efforts could be intensified in the next decade with potential to improve the current rate of progress toward achieving a 33% reduction in CVD mortality. more

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Neglected Disease Research and Development: The Higher Cost of Lower Funding

G-Finder (2023) CC

Each year since 2007, G-FINDER has provided policy-makers, donors, researchers and industry with a comprehensive analysis of global investment into research and development of new products to prevent, diagnose, control or cure neglected diseases in low- and middle-income countries, making it the go... more

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Questions prioritaires de recherche sur la co-infection tuberculose/VIH dans les pays prévalents pour le VIH et disposant de ressources limitées

H, Getahun; R. Granich; C. Lienhardt; et al. Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (TBHIV Working Group) (2010) C_WHO

Stop TB Partnership

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Situation Analysis of Children in Mozambique 2014

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2015)

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Literature Review on Tuberculosis in Prisons

World Health Organization (2008) C_WHO

Literature Review on TB Control in Prisons 11/18/2008

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Situational Analysis on Post-Rape Care of Children in Lesotho

Levy, Marcy, Veronica Magar, and Derrick Sialondwe Arlington, VA: USAID’s AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources, AIDSTAR-One, Task Order 1 (2013)

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Child and adolescent mental health policy in South Africa: history, current policy development and implementation, and policy analysis

S. Mokitimi; M. Schneider; P. J. de Vries International Journal of Mental Health Systems; BioMed Central (2018) CC

Mental health problems represent the greatest global burden of disease among children and adolescents. There is, however, lack of policy development and implementation for child and adolescent mental health (CAMH), particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where children and adolescen... more

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Situation Analysis and Recommendations: Antibiotic Use and Resitance in Mozambique

The Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP (2015) C2

The Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP)-Mozambique team, in partnership with the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy (CDDEP), has produced this report as part of a solid com-mitment to develop actionable policy proposals to tackle antibiotic resistance and improve appropriate... more

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Linking CBR, Disability and Rehabilitation

Grace Musoke & Priscille Geiser CBR Africa Network, Handicap International (2013) C2

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Guidance for orphans and vulnerable children programming

PEPFAR (2012) C2

The U.S. President‘s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief

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Adolescent Refugees and Migrants: A Reproductive Health Emergency

Pathfinder International (2008)

This publications outlines the specific reproductive health needs of this cadre of adolescents and the programmatic responses that can be used to reach them.

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Framework for Operations and Implementation Research in Health and Disease Control Programs

World Health Organization; The Global Fund; UNAIDS; eta al. (2009)

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Transforming Agriculture in Southern Africa

Sikora, R.A.; et al. Routledge (2020) CC

Constraints, Technologies, Policies and Processes

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Developing, Implementing, and Monitoring the Use of Standard Treatment Guidelines: A SIAPS How-To Manual

Systems for Improved Access to Pharmaceuticals and Services (SIAPS) MSH, USAID (2015) CC

STGs are designed to assist health care professionals in making decisions about appropriate, effective patient care. However, health managers often have trouble setting and meeting the high standards required of modern, developed health care systems. With stakeholders expressing concern over issues ... more

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Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Risk for Resistant Tuberculosis

M. E. Balcells, S. L. Thomas, P. Godfrey-Faussett, et al. (2006) C_CDC

Research Emerging Infectious Diseases Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2006

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Youth with disabilities

Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University and the Secretariat for the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, UNDESA (2013) C2

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Guidelines on the management of latent tuberculosis infection

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO

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Lessons Learned in Scaling Up TB/HIV Collaborative Activities

M. Dallao; R. L’Herminez; B. Weil; et al. USAID From the American People; The Tuberculosis Coalition for Technical Assistance (TBCTA); Family Health International (FHI) (2020) C2

Accessed: 10.03.2020

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Gender in Water and Sanitation

The Water and Sanitation Program (2010)

Mainstreaming Gender in Water and Sanitation

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The role of an essential health benefit in health systems in east and southern Africa: Learning from regional research

R. Loewenson, M. Mamdani and others Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET) (2018) C1

Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET): Disussion Paper 113
This report synthesises the learning across the full programme of work. It presents the methods used, the context and policy motivations for developing EHBs; how they are being defined, costed, di... more