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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

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The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census: Thematic Report on Mortality

The Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2016) C1

Census Report Volume 4-B
In the 2014 Census, early-age mortality was measured from the responses to two simple retrospective questions on childbearing addressed to ever-married women aged 15 and over. These questions referred to how many live children they had ever given birth to, and how many ... more

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Mortality due to road injuries in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017

India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative Road Injury Collaborators (2019) CC

Lancet Public Health. 2019 Dec 20. pii: S2468-2667(19)30246-4. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30246-4.

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Gap Analysis: the Inclusion of People with Disability and Older People in Humanitarian Response

Pryor, W.; M. Marella and A. Robinson Humanitarian Innovation Fund HIF; ELRHA (2020) C1

Part 2: Part 2 Beyond the evidence: Implications for innovation and practice Part 2 of the Gap Analysis presents the insights from individuals working in humanitarian response, disability inclusion and older age inclusion. This report begins by looking at how an agenda for the inclusion of people ... more

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New generations free of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and Chagas disease in the Americas 2018

M. Alonso González; M. B. Mello; L. Sereno; et al. Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization (Americas); Unicef (2019) C_WHO

- EMTCT Plus

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Effect of socioeconomic inequalities and vulnerabilities on health-system preparedness and response to COVID-19 in Brazil: a comprehensive analysis

Rocha, R.; et al. (2021) C1

Lancet Glob Health 2021; 9: e782–92

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Monitoring HIV, HCV, TB and Harm Reduction in Prisons: A Human Rights-Based Tool to Prevent Ill Treatment

G. Sander Harm Reduction International; European Union (2016) C2

February 2016

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Global Health Advocacy Guide

Global Health Institute, University of California (2017) C2

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Framework for Environmental and Social Management

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2023) CC

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched a new Framework for Environmental and Social Management (FESM) to ensure that both people and the environment are protected from any potential impacts of FAO programmes and projects. “This Framework ensures that our proj... more

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Central African Republic: National Recovery and Peacebuilding Plan 2017-21

World bank group The World Bank (2017) CC

The Central African Republic is at a major turning point in its history. The country is just emerging from a very violent conflict, during which thousands of human lives were lost and one-third of the population was displaced. After a three-year transition, and with the support of the internationa... more

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Technical Guidelines For the Construction and Management of Rural Health Institution Latrines

MIWR - GONU, MWRI - GOSS; UNICEF (2009) CC

A Manual for Field Staff and Practitioners

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Operational Guidelines for Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Mainstreaming in the Health Sector

Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population ( MoHP) (2013)

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Soap Stories and Toilet Tales from Schools

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (2012) CC

Water, sanitation and hygiene education in schools – WASH in Schools – provides safe drinking water, improves sanitation facilities and promotes lifelong health. WASH in Schools enhances the well-being of children and their families, and paves the way for new generations of healthy children. f... more

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Greater Horn of Africa and Yemen Desert Locust Crisis Appeal (January–December 2020)

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; reliefweb (2020) C2

Five months after the beginning of the desert locust upsurge in the Greater Horn of Africa and Yemen, and four months since the launch of the response plan (24 January 2020) a total of USD 130 million have been mobilized in the region. As described in the recently published Food and Agriculture Org... more

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Liberia: Country Cooperation Strategy at a Glance 2017

World Health Organization (WHO) (2017) C_WHO

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Analysis of drug markets - Opiates, cocaine, cannabis, synthetic drugs

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2018) C2

World Drug Report 2018 -3-

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Success Factors for Women’s and Children’s Health

Cambodia, Ministry of Health, PMNCH, WHO, World Bank, AHPSR et al. (2015) C_WHO

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Topic Guide: Effective Post-disaster Reconstruction Programmes

Lloyd-Jones, Tony; Davis, Ian; Steele, Andre (2016) CC

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Public Knowledge and Beliefs about Mental Disorders in Developing Countries: A Review

Alemayehu Tibebe and Kenfe Tesfay (2015) CC

J Depress Anxiety S3:004. doi:10.4172/2167-1044.S3-004 This paper is therefore designed to review public knowledge and belief about mental disorders (mental health literacy) in developing countries with particular emphasis on the public knowledge and beliefs about causes and symptoms of mental dis... more

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Accelerating WHO FCTC Implementation in the WHO South-East Asia Region: A Practical Approach

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East-Asia (2017) C_WHO

The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (‎WHO FCTC)‎ is an evidence-based treaty that reaffirms the right of all people to the highest standard of health and was developed in response to the globalization of the tobacco epidemic. Member States of the WHO South-East Asia Region have made... more