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Nosocomial infections, or hospital-acquired infec-tions (HAI), are among the most significant causesof morbidity and mortality in healthcare settingsthroughout the world.Prevention of HAIs iscentral
...
to providing high quality and safe health-care, even in settings with limited resources.Transmission of infectious agents between patientsby health workers and irrational use of antibioticsare two important preventable factors involved inmany HAIs.
more
The checklist and reference list has two parts: high-level cross-cutting content (Part A) and specific programme content (Part B). Part A applies to all countries
...
and contains situation and response analysis, the NSP development process, the goal, targets and priority-setting of the NSP and the principles of human rights and gender equity and sustainability. Part B comprises the programme requirements of prevention, treatment and care, comorbidities and integration, social protection, health systems, community engagement, human rights and gender equity, efficiency and effectiveness, governance, management and accountability, HIV and the humanitarian response
more
More than 700 000 people lose their life to suicide every year. The world is not on track to reach the 2030 suicide reduction targets. WHO advocates for countries to take action to prevent suicide, ideally through a comprehensive national suicide preventio
...
n strategy. Governments and communities can contribute to suicide prevention by implementing LIVE LIFE – WHO’s approach to starting suicide prevention so that countries can build on it further to develop a comprehensive national suicide prevention strategy. The guide is for all countries, with or without a national suicide prevention strategy; national or local focal points for suicide prevention, mental health, alcohol or NCDs; and community stakeholders with a vested interest or who may already be engaged in implementing suicide prevention activities.
Excecutive Summary available in English, French, Arabic, Chinese, Russian and Spanisch here:
more
Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remain disproportionately affected by HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA), with 26 per cent of new infections attributed to this population. AGYW face ma
...
ny personal, social and structural barriers to access, uptake and use of traditional HIV prevention methods. Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is proven to be highly effective as an additional prevention choice for reducing the risk of HIV acquisition, including for AGYW. Successful uptake and adherence to PrEP is critical in its effectiveness as an HIV prevention method, however, the current demand for PrEP by AGYW is low with suboptimal adherence.
Within the ESA region, there is currently great impetus to address these challenges and scale up PrEP for AGYW. A critical aspect of this is to leverage the learnings and evidence from implementation of how to improve the demand and quality of PrEP programming for this population. Improving the Quality of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Implementation for Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Eastern and Southern Africa examines the current efforts in the region to accelerate and scale up evidence-based PrEP delivery platforms. The implementation brief provides current knowledge and builds on WHO guidance to provide key considerations for implementation, including driving demand and improving quality, as well as focus on wider combination prevention and integration agendas.
more
This joint publication by UNAIDS and WHO emphasizes the importance of integrating HIV prevention, testing, treatment and care
...
and mental health services for people living with HIV. It provides a compilation of tools, best practices, recommendations and guidelines that facilitate the integration of interventions and services to address the interlinked issues of mental health and HIV. This publication is intended for global, regional and national policy-makers; programme implementers including at subnational levels; organizations working in and providers of HIV and mental health services; civil society; and community-based and community-led organizations and advocates.
more
Introduction: Considering the global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a vaccine is being developed to control the disease as a complementary solution to hygiene measures—and bett
...
er, in social terms, than social distancing. Given that a vaccine will eventually be produced, information will be needed to support a potential campaign to promote vaccination.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the variables affecting the likelihood of refusal and indecision toward a vaccine against COVID-19 and to determine the acceptance of the vaccine for different scenarios of effectiveness and side effects.
Materials and Methods: A multinomial logistic regression method based on the Health Belief Model was used to estimate the current methodology, using data obtained by an online anonymous survey of 370 respondents in Chile.
Results: The results indicate that 49% of respondents were willing to be vaccinated, with 28% undecided or 77% of individuals who would potentially be willing to be inoculated. The main variables that explained the probability of rejection or indecision were associated with the severity of COVID-19, such as, the side effects and effectiveness of the vaccine; perceived benefits, including immunity, decreased fear of contagion, and the protection of oneself and the environment; action signals, such as, responses from ones' family and the government, available information, and specialists' recommendations; and susceptibility, including the contagion rate per 1,000 inhabitants and relatives with COVID-19, among others. Our analysis of hypothetical vaccine scenarios revealed that individuals preferred less risky vaccines in terms of fewer side effects, rather than effectiveness. Additionally, the variables that explained the indecision toward or rejection of a potential COVID-19 vaccine could be used in designing public health policies.
Conclusions: We discovered that it is necessary to formulate specific, differentiated vaccination-promotion strategies for the anti-vaccine and undecided groups based on the factors that explain the probability of individuals refusing or expressing hesitation toward vaccination.
more
Female Genital Schistosomiasis: a guide to inform equitable schistosomiasis control efforts in Ghana
Learning pack. This pack presents a summary of exploratory qualitative research methods and
findings from frontline health implementers and communities conducted by the
research team in Ghana.
These guidelines update earlier WHO recommendations to maximize the HIV prevention impact of safe VMMC services and aim to guide the transition to the sustained provision of interventions with a foc
...
us on the health and well-being of both adolescent boys and men.
more
The Private Sector Engagement Strategy on HIV, STIs and TB is a is a guide that is both comprehensive
and focused, and it is to be used by busines
...
ses and corporations to actively participate in the HIV, STIs
and TB and Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) response. The goal of this strategy is to develop a
culture in the workplace that actively promotes HIV, STIs and TB prevention, awareness, and support for
employees impacted by HIV, STIs and TB. The strategy incorporates several essential components, such
as those pertaining to prevention and education, accessibility to testing and treatment, reduction of stigma,
community participation, strategic alliances, employee empowerment and wellness, and data-driven
decision-making
more
The document presents briefly Mozambique's profile on neglected tropical diseases, as well as recommendations on how to control them.
Malaria Journal (2018) 17:460 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2606-9
In malaria endemic countries, asymptomatic cases constitute an important reservoir of infections sustaining transmission. Estimating the burden of the asymptomatic population and
...
identifying areas with elevated risk is important for malaria control in Burkina Faso.
more
Trachoma is a bacterial eye infection found in poor, isolated communities lacking basic hygiene, clean water, and adequate sanitation.
Twenty-Fourth Annual Trachoma Control Program Review, Summary Proceedings
This document by Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) highlights the significant burden of malaria on children worldwide, emphasizing the need for effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strat
...
egies. It reviews current challenges and progress in combating pediatric malaria, advocating for continued research and investment to reduce malaria-related morbidity and mortality in children, especially in high-burden regions.
more
Filoviral hemorrhagic fever (FHF) is caused by ebolaviruses and marburgviruses, which both belongto the family Filoviridae. Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) are the most likely natural reservoir for marburg viruses
...
and entry into caves and mines that they stay in has often been associatedwith outbreaks of MVD. On the other hand, the natural reservoir for ebola viruses remains elusive;however, handling of wild animal carcasses has been associated with some outbreaks of EVD. In thelast two decades, there has been an increase in the incidence of FHF outbreaks in Africa, some beingcaused by a newly found virus and some occurring in previously unaffected areas such as Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, in which the most recent EVD outbreak occurred in 2014. Indeed, the predicted geographic distribution of filoviruses and their potential reservoirs in Africa includes manycountries in which FHF has not been reported. To minimize the risk of virus dissemination inpreviously unaffected areas, there is a need for increased investment in health infrastructure in African countries, policies to facilitate collaboration between health authorities from different countries, implementation of outbreak control measures by relevant multi-disciplinary teams and education of the populations at risk.
more
Facilitator's Guide. This guide is designed to assist facilitators in training community health workers (CHWs) and community volunteers (CVs) in integrating community-based TB services into their work. The training will help community workers who al
...
ready provide numerous services to understand TB and contribute to prevention, care and support services in their communities
more
Latent Tuberculosis Infection : Updated and consolidated guidelines for programmatic management
recommended
The consolidated guidelines are expected to provide the basis and rationale for the development of national guidelines for LTBI management, adapted to the national and local epidemiology of TB, the
...
availability of resources, the health infrastructure and other national and local determinants. The guidelines are to be used primarily in national TB and HIV control programmes, or their equivalents in ministries of health, and for other policy-makers working on TB and HIV and infectious diseases. They are also appropriate for officials in other line ministries with work in the areas of health.
more
