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The Youth.gov webpage on "Substance Use/Misuse" provides information and resources about preventing and addressing substance abuse among youth. It highlights risk factors, prevention strategies, and
...
support programs designed to reduce substance use and its negative impacts on young people. The site is part of a federal initiative to promote healthy and safe youth development.
more
An integrated approach is particularly important for low-resource settings for efficient use of limited resources. The course contents will include risk factors, clinical course, guidance and protoc
...
ols for diagnosis, management and referral as needed for NCDs in PHC. SEARO NCD PEN-HEARTS is a series of four courses with the other three courses focusing on Hearts of NCD: an integrated approach to management of NCDs in PHC, diabetic foot care and palliative care that will enable the learner to plan and deliver NCD services.
more
The objective of the BREATHE study was to estimate the regional prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms within the general population in the Middle East/North Africa (MENA) region and to document risk
...
factors, disease characteristics and management using a standardised methodology.
more
The article examines the epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Middle East, North Africa, and Turkey. It provides an overview of COPD prevalence, associated risk factors
...
, and challenges in diagnosis and treatment across these regions. The study highlights smoking and environmental exposures, such as dust and pollution, as significant contributors to COPD. It also points out the gaps in awareness, healthcare infrastructure, and the availability of diagnostic tools, which hinder effective management of the disease. The authors emphasize the need for comprehensive public health strategies, education, and improved access to healthcare to address the COPD burden in these areas.
more
Global strategy for prevention, diagnosis and management of COPD: 2023 Report
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD)
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD)
(2023)
CC2
The GOLD 2023 report provides a comprehensive update on the global strategy for diagnosing, managing, and preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It emphasizes that COPD is a leading cause of death worldwide, driven by risk
...
factors such as tobacco smoking, air pollution, and genetic predispositions. The report outlines key updates, including new diagnostic criteria, the introduction of terms like "Pre-COPD" and "PRISm" for early identification, and expanded sections on comorbidities, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, and rehabilitation. It stresses the importance of personalized treatment plans, early diagnosis, and addressing risk factors to mitigate the disease's impact. The report is aimed at guiding healthcare providers to improve COPD outcomes and adapt treatment approaches based on the latest evidence.
more
The document titled "Early Warning Signs of COPD" from the American Lung Association outlines what COPD is, its risk factors, and the importance of recognizing early symptoms such as persistent coug
...
h, breathlessness, and frequent chest infections. It emphasizes the need for early consultation with a healthcare provider and diagnostic testing like spirometry to confirm COPD. Early diagnosis and treatment can help slow disease progression and improve quality of life.
more
The GAAPP (Global Allergy and Asthma Patient Platform) website provides information on COPD, explaining its symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options. It emphasizes the importance of early diagn
...
osis and proper management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. The platform aims to support and educate individuals with COPD and other respiratory conditions, highlighting preventive measures and treatment approaches.
more
The document "COPD 101: Understanding the Basics" from the COPD Foundation provides foundational knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It explains what COPD is, common symptoms, risk
...
factors, diagnosis methods, and treatment options, including medications and lifestyle changes. The guide emphasizes early diagnosis and management to help patients live healthier lives and prevent disease progression.
more
The document "COPD 101: Understanding the Basics" from the COPD Foundation provides foundational knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It explains what COPD is, common symptoms, risk
...
factors, diagnosis methods, and treatment options, including medications and lifestyle changes. The guide emphasizes early diagnosis and management to help patients live healthier lives and prevent disease progression.
more
Considerable energy has been expended over the last two decades in developing methods for identifying the presence of asthma among participants in population studies. The objective of this endeavour has commonly been to enable epidemiological research on r
...
isk factors for asthma, with the ultimate aim of preventing the disease. However, there are other reasons for measuring the prevalence of asthma in populations, including the desire to assess the burden of disease attributable to asthma, to track changes over time, and to compare the prevalence among population groups defined by geographical, demographic or social factors. Two major international collaborative studies arising from this work have made major contributions to our knowledge about asthma
more
About one fourth of the world’s population is estimated to have been infected with the tuberculosis (TB) bacilli, and about 5–10% of those infected develop TB disease in their lifetime. The risk for TB disease after infection depends on several
...
factors, the most important being the person’s immunological status. TB preventive treatment (TPT) given to people at highest risk of progressing from TB infection to disease remains a critical element to achieve the global targets of the End TB Strategy, as reiterated by the second UN High Level Meeting on TB in 2023. Delivering TPT effectively and safely necessitates a programmatic approach to implement a comprehensive package of interventions along a cascade of care: identifying individuals at highest risk, screening for TB and ruling out TB disease, testing for TB infection, and choosing the preventive treatment option that is best suited to an individual, managing adverse events, supporting medication adherence and monitoring programmatic performance.
more
About one fourth of the world’s population is estimated to have been infected with the tuberculosis (TB) bacilli, and about 5–10% of those infected develop TB disease in their lifetime. The risk for TB disease after infection depends on several
...
factors, the most important being the person’s immunological status. TB preventive treatment (TPT) given to people at highest risk of progressing from TB infection to disease remains a critical element to achieve the global targets of the End TB Strategy, as reiterated by the second UN High Level Meeting on TB in 2023. Delivering TPT effectively and safely necessitates a programmatic approach to implement a comprehensive package of interventions along a cascade of care: identifying individuals at highest risk, screening for TB and ruling out TB disease, testing for TB infection, and choosing the preventive treatment option that is best suited to an individual, managing adverse events, supporting medication adherence and monitoring programmatic performance
more
Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Asthma: Practice Adjustments and Disease Burden
Papadopoulos, N.G.; Custovic, A.; Deschildre, A. et al.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
(2020)
CC
Coronavirus disease 2019 has a mild disease course in children and adolescents. Chronic respiratory conditions, including asthma, have been suggested as risk factors; however, asthma in children is
...
highly variable in both triggers and severity.
During the pandemic, pediatric asthma services limited consultations and established virtual clinics. However, respondents perceived their patients’ asthma control to be retained or even improved, while treatment adherence was considered increased. Children with asthma were not disproportionately affected by coronavirus disease 2019.
Trigger avoidance and treatment adherence can rapidly improve asthma control in children, even under lockdown pressure. Children/adolescents with asthma do not appear to need additional prophylactic measures from coronavirus disease 2019 when asthma is well-treated. This article analyses the effect of COVID-19 on Asthma in children, providing information for management guidelines.
more
Chagas disease is a parasitic, systemic, and chronic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, with risk factors strongly link to low socioeconomic
...
factors. Chagas disease is considered a neglected tropical disease. It is endemic in 21 countries in the Americas, although the migration of infected people can transport the disease to non-endemic countries of America and the world.
more
Respiratory viruses are viruses that cause illnesses in the respiratory system. These illnesses share similar symptoms, risk factors, and prevention strategies.
This brochure provides comprehensive information on type 2 diabetes, including its causes, symptoms, risk factors, how to prevent it, and how to manage it. It emphasises the importance of a healthy
...
diet, regular exercise, and taking medication as prescribed to control blood sugar levels. It provides practical advice on diet and lifestyle changes, as well as foot care, and highlights the importance of regular check-ups and blood glucose monitoring. The guide also warns of potential complications such as low and high blood sugar levels and long-term organ damage, emphasising the importance of early detection and consistent care. It encourages education and community support, such as joining the Zimbabwe Diabetes Association, to help individuals with diabetes live healthy lives.
Accessed on 17/07/2025.
more
Reproductive Health, Vol. 10, Supplement 1, 15 November 2012.
Reproductive Health Journal has published a supplement entitled “Born Too Soon” which addresses factors in the preconception and pregnancy period which may increase the
...
risk of preterm birth and also outlines potential interventions which may reduce preterm birth rates and improve survival of preterm babies by as much as 84% annually. This is critical in order to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG 4) for child survival by 2015 and beyond.
more
Climate change, increasing population densities, and intensified globalisation in trade, travel and migration are among the most important factors shaping the 21st century. Each impacts upon population health and the
...
risk of infectious disease, particularly those originating at the human-animal-environmental interface. The recognition that many risk drivers of infectious disease fall outside of the typical domain of the health sector creates the challenge of identifying and pursuing priorities for cross-sectoral action aimed at strengthening global health security. In response, the One Health concept has emerged, as have related initiatives addressing Planetary Health and Biodiversity and Human Health. From a public health perspective and operationally speaking, the One Health approach offers great potential, emphasising as it does cooperation and coordination between multiple sectors. Yet despite having been a focal point for discussion for over a decade, numerous challenges facing the implementation of One Health preparedness strategies remain. While some are technical, related to the requirement for innovative early warning systems or new vaccines, for example, others are institutional and cultural in nature, given the transdisciplinary nature of the topic. There have thus been calls to address One Health from multiple perspectives, from ecology to the social sciences. In order to further explore this issue and to identify priority areas for action for strengthening One Health preparedness in Europe, ECDC convened an expert consultation on 11–12 December 2017.
more
In East Africa, the trend in cross-border FGM puts at risk the progress achieved in eliminating the practice. The only way we can reach zero FGM by 2030 is by concerted and immediate action to address all aspects of FGM.
This policy brief highlight
...
s the cross-border dimension of FGM (Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania and Uganda) in the East Africa region. The brief describes the factors that perpetuate cross-border FGM and the work that is being done to reduce the rates.
more
The situation in the Gaza Strip is dire, with syndromic surveillance revealing high rates of infectious diseases. The risk of further spread may be exacerbated by several factors, including overcrow
...
ding, inadequate water and sanitation, disruption of routine healthcare services, and a dysfunctional health system due to the ongoing conflict.
more
