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Procedimientos para la prevención y control de la tuberculosis: Manual 2017

Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador (2017) CC

Edición General: Dirección Nacional de Normatización - MSP Este manual ha sido desarrollado por profesionales de las instituciones del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) y especialistas expertos en la materia, bajo la coordinación de la Dirección Nacional de Normatización del Ministerio de S... more

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Uso Racional de Medicamentos: Una Tarea de Todos

Ministerio de Salud Chile (2010) C2

El documento que se presenta, aborda el Uso Racional de Medicamento, así como aquellos conceptos que son requeridos para su apropiado establecimiento; y está destinado al personal técnico de salud, quienes realizan una importante labor complementando la acción de salud y en muchas ocasiones culm... more

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La inmunización en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19

World Health Organization WHO; UNICEF (2020) C_WHO

La inmunización es un servicio esencial de salud que protege a las personas susceptibles de contraer enfermedades prevenibles mediante vacunación.2 L a vacunación oportuna protege a los individuos y las comunidades, al tiempo quereduce las posibilidades de que se produzcan brotes d... more

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Herramienta de Evaluación de la Cadena de Suministro de Zithromax

International Trachoma Initiative (2020) CC

La herramienta de evaluación de la cadena de suministro de Zithromax® está diseñada para guiar a los miembros del equipo de evaluación a través de una serie de entrevistas con informantes clave y para establecer procedimientos de inspección al realizar evaluaciones de la logística. El prot... more

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Asthma traeatment in children: A pragmatic approach

Masekela, R.; Jeevanathrum, A.; Kling, S.; et al. South African Medical Journal (2018) CC

Asthma is a heterogeneous condition characterised by chronic inflammation and variable expiratory airflow limitation, with airway reversibility. Management of chronic inflammation with anti-asthma medication improves asthma control and quality of life. The aim of this journal is to provide an eviden... more

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Burden of and Health Loss Due to the Effect of Maternal Hypertensive disorders in Ethiopia

Abebe, B.; Abera, M.; Sena, L. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development (2023) CC

Background: Worldwide, maternal hypertensive disorders complicate one in ten pregnancies. As a result of changes in the life styles of society, currently, it is becoming a common public life encounter. However, Ethiopia lacks comprehensive and comparable maternal hypertensive disorders, causing burd...en and health loss to inform policy and practice. Objective: To describe the incidence and prevalence of maternal hypertensive disorders and deaths, Disability Adjusted Life Years, and Years Life Lost attributable to maternal hypertensive disorders in Ethiopia and its regional distributions from 1990 to 2019 as part of a collaborative Global Burden of Diseases, (2019) Study. Methods: The data for this study were collected from surveys, demographic surveillances, medical record reviews, health facility observations and interviews socio-demographic, health care service utilization, and other data sources such as case notifications, scientific literature, and unpublished data as per the Global Burden of Disease protocol and analysis techniques to produce national and regional estimates of maternal hypertensive disorders in Ethiopia. Cause of death ensemble modeling and Bayesian meta-regression disease modeling was employed to ascertain cause of death and morbidity. Each metric was estimated per 100,000 populations with a 95% uncertainty interval (UI). Results: In the last thirty years, in Ethiopia, , the incidence of maternal hypertensive disorders among young women was raised by 52,596 cases per 100,000 population [199,707 (95% UI 150,261-267,221) to 252,303 (95% UI 191,335-332,524)], while decreased among adolescent women from 67,206 (95% UI 46,887-90,883) to 64, 622 (95% UI; 47,587-84,664) per 100,000 population. The prevalence among women of reproductive age had increased from 94, 818 (95% UI 59,434-135,332) in 1990 to 138, 263 (95% UI 88,447-196,029) in 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, deaths attributable to maternal hypertensive disorders among adolescents and young women had increased by 1.5 and 1.17 times, respectively. In 2019, disability adjusted life years among adolescent, young women and women of reproductive age due to maternal hypertensive disorders was 8,493 (UI 95% 5,370-12,849), 21,812 (UI 95% 14,682-32,139) and 57,867 (UI 95% 41,751-79,165) respectively. The highest daily adjusted life years due to maternal hypertensive disorders had occurred among young women, 13,319 (UI 95% 8,592-19,931) which was higher than 1990 whereas the young women years of life lost had increased. Conclusions: Based on the finding, increasingly high new cases, prevalence and burden of maternal hypertensive disorders and significant health loss were observed in the last three decades in Ethiopia. Hence, prevention of cases, disabilities, deaths and health losses caused by maternal hypertensive disorders can be prevented by properly advocating lifestyle modifications with specifically designed age-specific interventions. On the top of continuing prevention efforts with newly devised magnesium sulphate administration in the new ANC initiative of the ministry, contextualized, need based, localized, and targeted interventions could be reconstituted. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2023;37 (SI-2)] more

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Good Practices in the Rational and Effective Use of Oxygen
recommended

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO PAHO (2021) C_WHO

In the face of rapid increases in the number of hospitalizations due to COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean, coupled with shortages of human and material resources, including medical equipment and gases, there is a need to redesign models of care in the Region to optimize available resources... more

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Best Practices for Environmental Cleaning in Healthcare Facilities: in Resource-Limited Settings

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2019) C_CDC

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are a significant burden globally, with millions of patients affected each year. These infections affect both high- and limited-resource healthcare settings, but in limited-resource settings, rates are approximately twice as high as high-resource settings (15 o... more

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Progress towards elimination of lymphatic filariasis in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

R. M. R. Ramzy; Al Kubati, A. S. International Health (2021) C1

Lymphatic filariasis (LF), a neglected tropical disease, is targeted for global elimination as a public health problem. This article reviews the history of LF control and elimination activities in the countries of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) over the last... more

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Therapeutics and COVID-19 (Living Guideline, 10 November 2023)

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

WHO has updated its guidelines for COVID-19 therapeutics, with revised recommendations for patients with non-severe COVID-19. This is the 13th update to these guidelines. Updated risk rates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19 The guidance includes updated risk rates for... hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The current COVID-19 virus variants tend to cause less severe disease while immunity levels are higher due to vaccination, leading to lower risks of severe illness and death for most patients. This update includes new baseline risk estimates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The new ‘moderate risk’ category now includes people previously considered to be high risk including older people and/or those with chronic conditions, disabilities, and comorbidities of chronic disease. The updated risk estimates will assist healthcare professionals to identify individuals at high, moderate or low risk of hospital admission, and to tailor treatment according to WHO guidelines: **High: **People who are immunosuppressed remain at higher risk if they contract COVID-19, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 6%. **Moderate: **People over 65 years old, those with conditions like obesity, diabetes and/or chronic conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kidney or liver disease, cancer, people with disabilities and those with comorbidities of chronic disease are at moderate risk, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 3%. Low: Those who are not in the high or moderate risk categories are at low risk of hospitalization (0.5%). Most people are low risk. Review of COVID-19 treatments for people with non-severe COVID-19 WHO continues to strongly recommend nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (also known by its brand name ‘Paxlovid’) for people at high-risk and moderate risk of hospitalization. The recommendations state that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is considered the best choice for most eligible patients, given its therapeutic benefits, ease of administration and fewer concerns about potential harms. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was first recommended by WHO in April 2022. If nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is not available to patients at high-risk of hospitalization, WHO suggests the use of molnupiravir or remdesivir instead. WHO suggests against the use of molnupiravir and remdesivir for patients at moderate risk, judging the potential harms to outweigh the limited benefits in patients at moderate risk of hospital admission. For people at low risk of hospitalization, WHO does not recommend any antiviral therapy. Symptoms like fever and pain can continue to be managed with analgesics like paracetamol. WHO also recommends against use of a new antiviral (VV116) for patients, except in clinical trials. The update also includes a strong recommendation against the use of ivermectin for patients with non-severe COVID-19. WHO continues to advise that in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, ivermectin should only be used in clinical trials. more

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Diagnostics, therapeutics, vaccine readiness, and other health products for COVID-19
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

Interim Guidance, 12 July 2021; This tool was developed to assess present and surge capacities for the treatment of COVID-19 in health facilities. It allows health facilities to assess the availability and status of stockout of critical COVID-19 medicines, equipment and supplies on site and to ident... more

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Estimating the population at risk with soil transmitted helminthiasis and annual drug requirements for preventive chemotherapy in Ogun State, Nigeria

Mogaji H.O., Johnson O.O. , Adigun A.B. et al Nature (2022) C2

Soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections are among the most common human infections worldwide with over 1 billion people affected. Many estimates of STH infection are often based on school-aged children (SAC). This study produced predictive risk-maps of STH on a more finite scale, estimated the nu... more

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Human Resources for Health in Ethiopia

The Collaborative Africa Budget Reform Initiative (CABRI) (2016) C1

Ethiopia has seen high economic growth over the last decade, but remains a poor country with a high burden of disease. It has made considerable health gains in recent years, mainly by having health policies that focus on extending primary healthcare, using health extension workers. It... more

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Guideline for Preventive Chemotherapy for the Control of Taenia solium Taeniasis

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2021) C_WHO

The larval stage of the parasite Taenia solium can encyst in the central nervous system causing neurocysticercosis, which is the main cause of acquired epilepsy in the countries in which the parasite is endemic. Endemic areas are those with the presence (or likely presence) of the full life cycle of... more

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Brechas en la atención primaria en salud mental en Chocó, Colombia: barreras y desafíos

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2023) C_WHO

Describir barreras y desafíos en la implementación del Programa de Acción Mundial para Reducir las Brechas de Atención en Salud Mental mhGAP, y determinar la asociación entre facilitadores de implementación, accesibilidad, aceptabilidad y supervisión, en Chocó, Colombia. Métodos. Estudio ev... more