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Brighter futures: Protecting early brain development through salt iodization

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) (2018)

The UNICEF-GAIN Partnership Project
The report notes that iodine deficiency is a leading cause of preventable brain damage worldwide. Insufficient iodine during pregnancy and infancy results in neurological and psychological deficits, reducing a child’s IQ by 8 to 10 points. This translates ... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Publication: Gendered Impacts of the COVID-19 Crisis in Uganda and Opportunities for an Inclusive and Sustainable Recovery

Alys, W.; Aziz, A.; Caran Ann, M. (2022) CC2

As Uganda builds back from the COVID-19 shock, the Ugandan government is strengthening its commitment to a more gender-inclusive and sustainable economy. This report supports these efforts by describing the gendered impacts of COVID-19 and provides recommendations for Ugandan policy makers and World... more

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Kenya Policy: 2014-2030
recommended

Ministry of Health (2014) C1

Towards attaining the highest standard Health.

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Toolkit on disability for AFRICA: ACCESSIBILITY

United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2016) C1

Module 4

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Rights in a pandemic – Lockdowns, rights and lessons from HIV in the early response to COVID-19

UNAIDS (2020) C_WHO

These include taking proactive measures to ensure that people, particularly people in vulnerable groups, can access HIV treatment and prevention services, designating and supporting essential workers, including community-led organizations, and implementing measures to prevent and address gender-base... more

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Toolkit on disability for AFRICA: CULTURE, BELIEFS, AND DISABILITY

United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2016) C1

Module 13

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Kenya Mental Health Policy 2015-2030

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2017) C1

Towards Attaining the Highest Standard of Mental Health

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Toolkit on disability for AFRICA: INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2016) C1

Module 14

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Pharmacy & Poison Act Kenya

Ministry of Health, Kenya; Pharmacy and Poisons Board (2019) CC

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Inclusion of People with Disabilities in Kenya

International Labour organization, Irish Aid (2009) C1

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African Disability Rights Yearbook 2017

Pretoria University Law Press (PULP) (2017) C2

Volume 5 2017

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Toolkit on disability for AFRICA: PARTICIPATION IN POLITICAL AND PUBLIC LIFE

United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2016) C1

Module 11

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WHO Country Cooperation Strategy Kenya: medium-term support strategy 2014 - 2019

World Health Organization (WHO), Kenya Country Office (2014) C_WHO

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Nigeria: National Strategic Health Development Plan (NSHDP) 2010 - 2015

Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria (2010) C1

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Kenya: Transforming Health: Accelerating Attainment of Universal Health Coverage

Kenya Health Sector Strategic and Investment Plan (KNSSP) (2014) C1

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Toolkit on disability for AFRICA: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) AND DISABILITY

United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2016) C1

Module 12

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Kenya Palliative Care Policy 2021-2030

Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Health (2021) CC

Globally, approximately 56.8 million people are in need of palliative care services; 78% of them living in low and middle-income country yet only about 12% have their needs being met causing great suffering for many.