The Strategic Malaria Communication Guide for Central America is intended to facilitate the shift from malaria control to elimination by strengthening communication and advocacy initiatives throughout the region. Based on interviews and a review of literature, the guide offers National Malaria Progr...ammes (NMPs) recommendations on messaging, target audiences, communication channels and advocacy strategies. The guide's primary goals are to raise awareness of malaria elimination, encourage long-term commitment from decision-makers and mobilise sustainable resources. The guide outlines two strategic objectives: (1) creating a shared understanding of the long-term requirements for malaria elimination, including funding, surveillance and multi-sectoral engagement, and (2) expanding support among public, private and cross-sectoral stakeholders. With malaria cases having already reduced by 88% since 2000, the guide emphasises the importance of maintaining focus and investment in order to fully eliminate the disease and prevent its re-establishment in Central America.
Accessed on 10/06/2025.
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Vector control, alongside case management, remains the most effective approach to controlling and eliminating malaria. Key interventions, such as indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), have significantly reduced malaria transmission in many African countries. This... has enabled some countries to transition from the control phase to the elimination phase.
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The article provides a systematic analysis estimating the prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) across Africa. It highlights the significant health burden COPD imposes on the continent, emphasizing varying prevalence rates influenced by factors such as tobacco smoking, exposure ...to biomass fuel, and occupational hazards. The analysis reveals substantial gaps in data and disparities in COPD diagnosis and management across different African countries. The authors call for more comprehensive data collection, increased awareness, and better healthcare infrastructure to effectively address and manage COPD in Africa.
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This global status report on prevention and control of NCDs (2014), is framed around the nine voluntary global targets. The report provides data on the current situation, identifying bottlenecks as well as opportunities and priority actions for attaining the targets. The 2010 baseline estimates on N...CD mortality and risk factors are provided so that countries can report on progress, starting in 2015. In addition, the report also provides the latest available estimates on NCD mortality (2012) and risk factors, 2010-2012.All ministries of health need to set national NCD targets and lead the development and implementation of policies and interventions to attain them. There is no single pathway to attain NCD targets that fits all countries, as they are at different points in their progress in the prevention and control of NCDs and at different levels of socioeconomic development. However all countries can benefit from the comprehensive response to attaining the voluntary global targets presented in this report.
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The article discusses the education strategy of the International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) for 2014–2020, focusing on building capacity to improve respiratory care globally. It highlights the significant burden of respiratory diseases and the role of primary care in addressing this i...ssue. The IPCRG aims to enhance educational efforts, support healthcare professionals, and foster knowledge-sharing among its member countries. The strategy includes developing teaching programs, promoting leadership, and using innovative educational methods, such as distance learning and "teach the teacher" programs. The overall goal is to improve clinical practice and outcomes in managing respiratory conditions through targeted education and collaboration.
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The document outlines strategies for reducing salt intake to combat high blood pressure, strokes, and heart disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. It highlights the need for progressive reductions in salt consumption, particularly in staple foods like bread, while promoting public awareness, e...ngaging stakeholders, and setting regulatory standards to achieve sustainable health benefits.
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The Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013-2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO) outlines a comprehensive strategy to address the global rise in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases,... and diabetes.
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This comprehensive reference document is intended for those responsible for training in SMC (Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention). It assumes that SMC will be implemented using the Community Health Worker strategy.
Este documento del CLAP/SMR (Centro Latinoamericano de Perinatología) aborda las infecciones de transmisión vertical, es decir, aquellas que se transmiten de la madre al niño durante el embarazo, el parto o el período neonatal. Se presenta una tabla detallada con distintos agentes infecciosos (c...omo VIH, sífilis, toxoplasmosis, hepatitis B y C, citomegalovirus, entre otros), describiendo su forma de transmisión, diagnóstico, prevención, tratamiento y seguimiento.
Además, se destacan estrategias sistemáticas de tamizaje materno y neonatal, intervenciones prenatales y postnatales, así como recomendaciones específicas para cada patógeno. El objetivo es reducir los resultados adversos perinatales mediante intervenciones basadas en la evidencia y adaptadas al contexto latinoamericano.
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The document provides essential guidelines for preventing and managing acute diarrhoeal diseases, particularly in complex emergency situations such as conflicts, natural disasters, or health crises. It highlights the importance of access to safe drinking water, sanitation, personal hygiene, and the ...prompt treatment of patients using oral rehydration solutions (ORS). The text also emphasizes the need for coordination between local and international actors to ensure an effective and sustainable response.
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Le document fournit des directives essentielles pour prévenir et gérer les maladies diarrhéiques aiguës, en particulier dans les situations d'urgence complexes comme les conflits, les catastrophes naturelles ou les crises sanitaires. Il met en avant l'importance de l'accès à l'eau potable, de ...l'assainissement, de l'hygiène personnelle et de la prise en charge rapide des malades grâce à des solutions de réhydratation orale (SRO). Le texte insiste également sur la nécessité de la coordination entre les acteurs locaux et internationaux pour une réponse efficace et durable.
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The document provides essential guidelines for managing cholera outbreaks. It includes instructions for preparing oral rehydration solutions (ORS) using simple ingredients like sugar and salt to treat dehydration caused by cholera. The text also emphasizes the importance of access to clean water, sa...nitation, and hygiene to prevent the spread of the disease. It is part of the World Health Organization's effort to provide clear, actionable steps for controlling cholera in affected areas.
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Este manual ofrece directrices prácticas para el manejo adecuado de las pruebas de diagnóstico rápido (PDR) de la malaria, destinadas al personal que trabaja en almacenes centrales, regionales y periféricos del sistema de salud. Su propósito principal es garantizar la integridad y eficacia de e...stas pruebas desde su recepción hasta su uso final.
Se destacan aspectos clave como la correcta recepción e inspección visual de los envíos, la verificación de daños, caducidad y componentes faltantes. Se proporcionan recomendaciones detalladas para el almacenamiento, incluyendo el control riguroso de la temperatura (idealmente entre 2 °C y 30 °C), la ventilación de los espacios, y el apilamiento seguro de las cajas.
Además, el manual aborda la gestión de inventarios con el uso de tarjetas de control, la rotación de productos bajo el principio “primero en caducar, primero en salir” (PEPS), y la realización de inventarios físicos regulares. También se detallan las buenas prácticas para el transporte por tierra, aire y agua, subrayando la importancia de proteger las pruebas del calor y de planificar bien los envíos.
Por último, se abordan medidas para la correcta gestión de residuos generados por las PDR, diferenciando entre desechos peligrosos (como lancetas, dispositivos usados y guantes contaminados) y desechos generales. Se incluyen recomendaciones para su separación, almacenamiento temporal y eliminación segura, adaptadas a contextos con recursos limitados.
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Este manual está dirigido al personal de salud que trabaja en establecimientos periféricos y que utiliza pruebas de diagnóstico rápido (PDR) para la malaria. Proporciona instrucciones prácticas para garantizar el buen funcionamiento de estas pruebas en condiciones muchas veces difíciles, espec...ialmente en zonas remotas y de clima cálido.
Se explican procedimientos clave para la recepción de las pruebas (verificación de daños, caducidad, condiciones de transporte), el almacenamiento (selección del lugar más fresco, control de temperatura, ventilación, uso de métodos sencillos como depósitos en el suelo o contenedores que enfrían por evaporación) y el transporte seguro, ya sea por tierra o agua, con especial atención a evitar la exposición al calor.
Además, el manual incluye pautas para la gestión de inventarios, la rotación de existencias (usando primero las pruebas con vencimiento más próximo), y el registro del uso para evitar desperdicios y asegurar la disponibilidad continua.
Finalmente, se aborda la gestión de desechos peligrosos y generales generados por el uso de las pruebas, promoviendo su separación adecuada, almacenamiento seguro y eliminación apropiada (como fosas protegidas o incineración controlada), con el fin de proteger al personal y a la comunidad.
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The document provides comprehensive guidelines on cholera outbreak management, including prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. It emphasizes rapid response measures, the importance of rehydration therapy (oral and intravenous), and public health interventions such as water sanitation, hygiene promot...ion, and disease surveillance to control the spread of cholera in affected communities. It is designed as a resource for healthcare providers and public health officials.
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The document provides guidance on managing acute diarrhoea outbreaks, specifically cholera and shigellosis. It outlines steps for identifying outbreaks, differentiating between cholera and shigellosis, and treating patients based on the severity of dehydration. Recommendations include the use of ora...l rehydration solutions (ORS), antibiotics in severe cases, and strict hygiene practices to prevent transmission. The document also emphasizes community protection measures such as disinfection of water sources, isolation of cases, and proper food hygiene. It is a practical resource for health workers to quickly respond to diarrhoeal disease outbreaks.
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The document provides comprehensive guidelines on cholera outbreak management, including prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. It emphasizes rapid response measures, the importance of rehydration therapy (oral and intravenous), and public health interventions such as water sanitation, hygiene promot...ion, and disease surveillance to control the spread of cholera in affected communities. It is designed as a resource for healthcare providers and public health officials.
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The document provides guidance on managing acute diarrhoea outbreaks, specifically cholera and shigellosis. It outlines steps for identifying outbreaks, differentiating between cholera and shigellosis, and treating patients based on the severity of dehydration. Recommendations include the use of ora...l rehydration solutions (ORS), antibiotics in severe cases, and strict hygiene practices to prevent transmission. The document also emphasizes community protection measures such as disinfection of water sources, isolation of cases, and proper food hygiene. It is a practical resource for health workers to quickly respond to diarrhoeal disease outbreaks.
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The article outlines the prioritized research agenda for the prevention and control of chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) as part of the World Health Organization's (WHO) action plan on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) from 2008 to 2013. It highlights the significant global impact of CRDs, including... asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other related conditions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The document stresses the need for effective prevention strategies and better surveillance, as well as enhanced healthcare infrastructure and resources in LMICs. It calls for research into CRD risk factors, effective interventions, and integrated care approaches that align with broader NCD prevention programs. The article emphasizes the importance of public health initiatives and cross-sector collaborations to reduce the disease burden and improve patient outcomes.
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Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases worldwide. In the Eastern Mediterranean Region there has been a rapid increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus and it is now the fourth leading cause of death. The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, the emergence of ...diabetes complications as a cause of early morbidity and mortality, and the enormous and mounting burden on health care systems make diabetes a priority health concern. These guidelines provide up-to-date, reliable and balanced information for the prevention and care of diabetes mellitus in the Region. The information is evidence-based and clearly stated to facilitate the use of the guidelines in daily practice. They are intended to benefit physicians at primary, secondary and tertiary level, general practitioners, internists and family medicine specialists, clinical dieticians and nurses as well as policy-makers at ministries of health. They provide the information necessary for decision-making by health care providers and patients themselves about disease management in the most commonly encountered situations.
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