The text “Pathogen Genomic Surveillance Policy Framework (2023)” is a strategic framework developed by Africa CDC to strengthen genomic surveillance of pathogens in the Member States of the African Union. Its content focuses on how African countries can systematically integrate genome sequencing into their public health systems in order to detect infectious diseases more rapidly, monitor outbreaks more effectively, and support evidence-based public health decision-making. The report was developed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which demonstrated the importance of genomic surveillance for identifying virus variants and enabling effective crisis management. The aim of the framework is to sustainably expand the capacities built during the pandemic and to apply them to additional pathogens beyond COVID-19.