To guide the provision of quality palliative care services across the African region, the African Palliative Care Association (APCA) has developed a framework of core palliative care competencies that can be used by service providers, educators and other stakeholders to guide programmes development.
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                The APCA Atlas provides the most up-to-date information of palliative care development in nearly all countries in Africa, using indicators derived, rated, and chosen by in-country African experts followed by a thorough Delphi consensus process with a panel of international experts on palliative care... indicators
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                                                                The African Palliative Care Association  is pleased to publish the first edition of  Palliative Care Standards for Africa. The  development of these standards was achieved  through wide consultation with service  beneficiaries and providers, and they have  been developed to suit different levels of ... service delivery, from primary to tertiary.  These standards are underpinned by the  World Health Organization’s definition of  palliative care, and recognise that scaling  up palliative care requires a public health  approach with four pillars: policy, education,  drug availability and implementation. In  addition, the increasing need to establish  specific indicators of quality and effectiveness  for palliative care has been a big driving force  behind these comprehensive standards.  It is APCA’s wish that they will provide a  framework for the development of evaluation 
and performance indicators that can facilitate  programme improvement and development. The standards are designed to allow the  development or improvement of palliative  care across the different services levels,  within the organisational capacity of various  service providers. They describe a relationship  between primary, intermediary and tertiary  level service providers, with expectations for all  providers articulated through detailed criteria  for each standard. It is therefore expected that  these standards will influence the planning  and delivery of palliative care services at  all levels of health care service delivery.
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                                                                The Guidelines for the Use of the APCA African  Palliative Outcome Scale (POS) has been  developed by the APCA, in collaboration with 
stakeholders, to help appropriately trained  health practitioners and researchers across  the region to utilise the APCA African POS in  their work place (Powell et... al, 2007; Warria  et al, 2007). Not only do the guidelines  provide a clear rationale for measuring  palliative care outcomes, but they also outline  practical information on how to use the tool  to collect data and analyse its results.  So why is there a need for these guidelines? 
Palliative care as a concept and discipline  is not well understood across Africa, and  its development is still embryonic in many  countries. While there are many obstacles  that hinder palliative care development on  the continent, a key challenge is the lack of  accurate information about the palliative  care being provided and its outcomes. The  APCA African POS is a useful tool to help us  measure these outcomes and, given that 
measuring palliative care outcomes remains  a relatively new concept, it is important  to guide people on how to use the tool. Of course, these guidelines are not intended  to address everything related to the  measurement of palliative care outcomes;  they contain only essential information for  providers. More detailed information on the  use of outcome tools, and in particular within  the research setting, can be gained from  contacting relevantly trained professionals.
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                                                                In the absence of a such a measure, and building on the success of developing the APCA African 
Palliative Outcome Scale (POS) for adults, the African Palliative Care Association has developed the 
APCA African Children’s POS. The tool has been validated across diseases, countries, settings and ...
languages and used in both quality improvement and research studies. Moreover, feedback on the 
tool from doctors and nurses who have used it has been very supportive, with providers perceiving 
it as an easy-to-use instrument that helps them undertake holistic assessments that in part entail 
discussing difficult issues.
This booklet is a practical guide intended to help users employ the APCA African POS correctly. 
Following a discussion of the origins and background to the APCA African PPOS, the guide discusses 
the measurement of outcomes, the development of the tool and its use (including the analysis of 
collected data), before finishing with illustrative examples of the use of the questionnaire.
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                                                                ecancer, Cardiff University and the African Palliative Care Association have developed an online course in palliative care contextualised for African healthcare professionals.  The course has been created through the IAEA Programme of Action for Cancer Therapy, Virtual University of Cancer Control a...nd is available for free through ecancer as well as the VUCCnet online.  
Filming and development of the modules took place in the UK and South Africa and involved input from 37 of Africa’s leading palliative care experts as well as Cardiff University’s team.  Dr Fiona Rawlinson, who is a consultant in palliative medicine at the Princess of Wales Hospital, UK and the leader of Cardiff University’s team, worked closely with the African Palliative Care Association to ensure the content of the course was appropriate for the sub-Saharan cancer profile and resource setting
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                                                                This resulting toolkit is a practical guide  intended to assist users to become advocates  for palliative care in a practical and effective 
way. It is not necessarily a resource to read  from cover to cover; rather, it can also be used  selectively to each reader’s needs to engage  audiences and... ensure that there is a real  understanding of the need for palliative care.  It should also be read in conjunction with the  supplementary resources listed at the end of  each of the toolkit’s sections.
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                                                                For education to be competency-based and effective, appropriate training methodologies have to  be used to support the learner to have the appropriate knowledge and to translate this knowledge  into skills and competencies. Such education and training should lead to a change in attitudes, beliefs  a...nd values, thus making the palliative care graduate able to do their job very effectively. To that end,  APCA has developed this new resource, which is a guide to effective teaching methodologies in  palliative care, targeting educators and trainers across Africa.  This guide has been developed to enable educators and trainers to acquire knowledge and skills  for using effective, practical, participatory and experiential teaching methods, and to use these in  extending learning to all health care providers in Africa. The methods presented in this guide are  based on existing practical and documented evidence of effective palliative care education.
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                                                                To contribute to the availability of basic knowledge and skills for the provision of palliative care in 
the African region, the African Palliative Care Association (APCA) has developed a competencybased core curriculum framework for use in introductory training on palliative care. The curriculum ... is based on the APCA Standards for Providing Quality Palliative Care Across Africa to ensure that  care providers are trained to the appropriate competence for their cadre and level of skill. This  curriculum therefore aims to facilitate the development of the best basic skills and attitudes required  for the delivery of palliative care services that meet the desired standards of palliative care. The  curriculum incorporates theoretical, practical, mentorship and supervision components that are  critical to the effective application of knowledge in practice.
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                                                                Universal health coverage (UHC) has a central place in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, as 
it is a major target (3.8) under SDG 3 (Ensuring healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages). The World Health 
Organization defines Universal Health Coverage (UHC) ...as a means through which all people and communities can use the 
promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative health services they need, of sufficient quality to be effective, 
while also ensuring that the use of these services does not expose the user to financial hardship. UHC brings hope of better 
health and protection for the world’s poorest.
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                                                                In this guide, the African Palliative Care Association (APCA) has put together  evidence‑based information on the use of specific opioids commonly used in the  management of moderate‑to‑severe pain to manage both cancer and non‑cancer  pain. APCA hopes that this guide will be a useful tool i...n aiding health professionals  at all levels of healthcare delivery to assess and manage pain using opioids.  All opioids included in this guide are listed on the WHO model list of  essential medicines but we remind readers that oral morphine is the  standard opioid of choice for managing moderate‑to‑severe pain and  we recommend that it should be made available at all times.
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                                                                These guidelines have been developed in simple, user-friendly language and they explain the procedures for patients’ access to and the safe management of Schedule I and II drugs that are necessary for the treatment and relief of moderate to severe pain. They provide both procedures for acquisition... and information on records or documents that are necessary to ensure that these medicines are made available and accessible to patients across the entire health care delivery system (i.e. from tertiary institutions to primary level) and ensuring prevention of illicit non-medical use.
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                                                                Naicker et al. BMC Palliative Care (2016) 15:41 DOI 10.1186/s12904-016-0114-7
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                This  publication  aims  to  provide  examples  of  better  palliative  care  practices for older people to help those involved in planning and supporting care-oriented services most appropriately and effectively. Examples have been identifi ed from literature searches and from an international call... for examples through various organizations, including the European Association of Palliative Care and the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society. Some examples consider how to improve aspects within the whole health system; specifi c smaller examples consider how to improve palliative care education, support in the community, in hospitals or for specifi c groups of people, such as people in nursing homes and people with dementia and their families. Some examples await rigorous evaluation of effectiveness, and more research is needed in this fi eld, especially the cost–effectiveness and generalizability of these initiatives.
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                                                                Lancet Oncol 2022; 23: e251–312Published OnlineMay 9, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00720-8
In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), urgent action is needed to curb a growing crisis in cancer incidence and mortality.
Without rapid interventions, data estimates show a major increase in cancer mo...rtality from 520 348 in 2020 to about
1 million deaths per year by 2030. Here, we detail the state of cancer in SSA, recommend key actions on the basis of
analysis, and highlight case studies and successful models that can be emulated, adapted, or improved across the
region to reduce the growing cancer crises. Recommended actions begin with the need to develop or update national
cancer control plans in each country. Plans must include childhood cancer plans, managing comorbidities such as
HIV and malnutrition, a reliable and predictable supply of medication, and the provision of psychosocial, supportive,
and palliative care. Plans should also engage traditional, complementary, and alternative medical practices employed
by more than 80% of SSA populations and pathways to reduce missed diagnoses and late referrals. More substantial
investment is needed in developing cancer registries and cancer diagnostics for core cancer tests.
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